Gabapentin Tablets
Gabapentin is a medication primarily used to treat seizures and neuropathic pain. It works by decreasing abnormal activity in the brain and changing how the body perceives pain. Gabapentin is also prescribed off-label for anxiety, hot flashes, and restless leg syndrome. It is available in various formulations, including capsules, tablets, and oral solutions.
How does it work?
Gabapentin works by affecting the activity of certain neurotransmitters in the brain. Specifically, it binds to a protein called the alpha-2-delta subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels, which are involved in the release of neurotransmitters. By binding to this protein, gabapentin reduces the release of neurotransmitters such as glutamate, noradrenaline, and substance P. This reduces the activity of certain nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, which can help to reduce seizures and pain. Gabapentin also increases the activity of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which helps to calm nerve activity and can reduce anxiety.
Dosages
The dosages of gabapentin depend on the condition being treated, the patient's age, and other factors such as the patient's kidney function. For the treatment of seizures in adults, the usual starting dose is 300 mg taken orally three times per day. The dosage may be increased gradually to a maximum of 3600 mg per day, based on the patient's response and tolerability. For the treatment of neuropathic pain, the usual starting dose is 300 mg taken orally once daily, with a gradual increase up to a maximum of 3600 mg per day. The dosage for children is typically based on their weight and is lower than the adult dosage. It's important to follow the dosage instructions provided by the doctor or pharmacist and not to exceed the prescribed dose.
Side Effects
Here are some potential side effects of gabapentin:
- Dizziness
- Drowsiness
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea or constipation
- Dry mouth
- Blurred vision
- Muscle weakness
- Tremors
- Weight gain
- Swelling of the extremities
- Difficulty breathing
- Mood changes, such as irritability or depression
It's important to talk to a doctor or pharmacist about any side effects experienced while taking gabapentin. In some cases, adjusting the dosage or switching to a different medication may be necessary to alleviate side effects.
